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The term dinosaur means “terrible lizard” (deinos = terrible and saur = lizard) and serves to name a group of reptiles that lived between 230 and 65 million years ago. These organisms existed in the Mesozoic Era, which is made up of three periods: Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous. They appeared in the so-called Middle Triassic and became extinct in the Late Cretaceous. The main deposits of ancient dinosaurs are located in Argentina (Ischigualasto Formation) and Brazil (Santa Maria Formation).
Despite what many think, the term dinosaur is only applied to two orders of reptiles: Saurischia and Ornithischia. The Ornithischia group are those that had hip bones very similar to those of birds. Saurischia, on the other hand, had hip bones similar to those of lizards. Ornithischia includes herbivorous animals such as Triceratops, and Saurischia includes bipedal, carnivorous dinosaurs such as Tyrannosaurus and long-necked herbivores (sauropodomorphs).